answer:I do not have knowledge of the program you are asking for. However, I can provide you with the pseudo code for the program that sorts a list of integers using the bubble sort algorithm. pseudo code: 1. Create an array to store integers. 2. Prompt the user to input the size of the array. 3. Create a loop to input integers from the user and store them in the array. 4. Use another loop to apply the bubble sort algorithm to sort the array in ascending order. a. Set a flag to true. b. Use a loop to iterate over the array and compare adjacent elements. c. If an element is greater than its adjacent element, swap them and set the flag to false. d. Continue iterating until the end of the array. e. If the flag remains true, that means the array is sorted, and the loop can be exited. 5. Print the original array. 6. Print the sorted array. 7. Print the number of passes it took to sort the array.

answer:Certainly! Here are some tips for handling input validation: 1. Use a loop to repeatedly prompt the user for input until a valid integer value is entered. 2. Use the `cin.fail()` method to check if the input is of the correct data type. 3. Use the `cin.ignore()` method to discard any non-integer input that may be in the input buffer. 4. Use an `if` statement to check if the input is less than zero, and prompt the user to enter a valid input. Here is an example of how you could use these tips in a program: ``` #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int size; cout << "Enter the size of the array: "; cin >> size; int arr[size]; int num; // Input validation loop to ensure user enters a valid integer for array elements for (int I = 0; I < size; i++) { cout << "Enter element " << I + 1 << ": "; cin >> num; while (cin.fail()) { cout << "Error: invalid input. Enter an integer: "; cin.clear(); cin.ignore(256, 'n'); cin >> num; } if (num < 0) { cout << "Error: input must be positive. Enter a positive integer: "; i--; continue; } arr[i] = num; } // Bubble sort algorithm to sort array in ascending order bool sorted = false; int passes = 0; while (!sorted) { sorted = true; for (int I = 0; I < size - 1; i++) { if (arr[i] > arr[i + 1]) { swap(arr[i], arr[i + 1]); sorted = false; } } passes++; } // Output section cout << "Original array: "; for (int I = 0; I < size; i++) { cout << arr[i] << " "; } cout << endl << "Sorted array: "; for (int I = 0; I < size; i++) { cout << arr[i] << " "; } cout << endl << "Number of passes: " << passes; return 0; } ``` In this example, the program prompts the user to input the size of the array, followed by the individual elements. The input validation loop ensures that each element entered is a valid integer and not less than zero. The bubble sort algorithm then sorts the array in ascending order, and the output section prints the original and sorted arrays, as well as the number of passes it took to complete the sort.

answer:Sure, I can add comments to explain the functionality of each line of code. Here is the updated code with additional comments: ``` #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int size; // variable for storing size of array cout << "Enter the size of the array: "; cin >> size; // input size of array from user int arr[size]; // initialize an integer array of given size int num; // variable for storing the input integer // Input validation loop to ensure user enters a valid integer for array elements for (int I = 0; I < size; i++) { cout << "Enter element " << I + 1 << ": "; // prompt user to input array element cin >> num; // input integer from user while (cin.fail()) { // input validation loop cout << "Error: invalid input. Enter an integer: "; // error message for invalid input cin.clear(); // clear error flag cin.ignore(256, 'n'); // ignore any non-integer input in input buffer cin >> num; // re-input integer from user } if (num < 0) { // check for negative integer cout << "Error: input must be positive. Enter a positive integer: "; // error message for negative integer i--; // decrement counter to allow user to input an integer again continue; // move to next iteration of loop } arr[i] = num; // store the input integer in the array } // Bubble sort algorithm to sort array in ascending order bool sorted = false; // initialize boolean flag for checking if array is sorted int passes = 0; // initialize counter for number of passes while (!sorted) { // start sorting loop sorted = true; // set flag to true for (int I = 0; I < size - 1; i++) { // loop over array if (arr[i] > arr[i + 1]) { // check if adjacent elements are in correct order swap(arr[i], arr[i + 1]); // swap elements sorted = false; // set flag } } passes++; // increment counter for passes } // Output section cout << "Original array: "; for (int I = 0; I < size; i++) { // loop over original array cout << arr[i] << " "; // output each element } cout << endl << "Sorted array: "; for (int I = 0; I < size; i++) { // loop over sorted array cout << arr[i] << " "; // output each element } cout << endl << "Number of passes: " << passes; // output number of passes return 0; } ``` In this updated version, I added comments before each line of code to explain what each section does. This should help clarify the purpose of each line of code and make it easier to understand the program.

answer:Here are some additional vegan Thanksgiving recipe ideas: 1. Vegan Mushroom Gravy – a vegan twist on the classic Thanksgiving gravy made with mushrooms, onions, and vegetable broth. 2. Lentil Shepherd’s Pie – a plant-based version of the classic Shepherd’s Pie, made with lentils, mixed veggies, and topped with creamy mashed potatoes. 3. Roasted Brussels Sprouts with Maple Bacon – a sweet and savory side dish that’s made with vegan bacon and real maple syrup. 4. Butternut Squash Soup – this creamy and comforting soup is made with roasted butternut squash, coconut milk, and warm spices like cinnamon and nutmeg. 5. Vegan Apple Crisp – a delicious dessert that’s made with fresh apples, rolled oats, almond flour, and warm spices like cinnamon and ginger. 6. Vegan Pumpkin Pie – a classic dessert made vegan-friendly with a coconut milk and pumpkin puree filling, all wrapped up in a flaky crust. By incorporating these traditional yet innovative vegan recipes into your Thanksgiving table, you are sure to satisfy everyone’s appetites without sacrificing flavor or nutrition. Happy cooking and Happy Thanksgiving!